☑️System design component checklist

System design is a critical aspect of building scalable and efficient software systems. Understanding the key components involved in system design can help in architecting robust and maintainable solutions. Here are the primary components:

System design component checklist

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System Design Components - Checklist - Study sheet.pdf

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• Client-Side Components:

  • Web Clients: Browsers and web applications.

  • Mobile Clients: Android, iOS applications.

• Server-Side Components:

  • Web Servers: Serve static and dynamic content to clients.

  • Application Servers: Handle business logic and application services.

  • Database Servers: Store and manage data.

• Databases:

  • Relational Databases (SQL): Structured data storage with relationships (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).

  • NoSQL Databases: Flexible schema for unstructured data (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra).

• Cache:

  • In-Memory Cache: Speed up data retrieval (e.g., Redis, Memcached).

  • Content Delivery Network (CDN): Distribute content to users globally with minimal latency.

• Load Balancers:

  • Distribute incoming traffic across multiple servers to ensure high availability and reliability.

• Message Queues:

  • Enable asynchronous communication between services (e.g., RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka).

• API Gateways:

  • Act as an entry point for clients to interact with backend services, handling request routing, rate limiting, and security (e.g., NGINX, Kong).

• Microservices:

  • Independently deployable services that communicate over APIs, allowing for modular and scalable system architecture.

• Service Discovery:

  • Automatically detect and manage microservices in a dynamic environment (e.g., Consul, Eureka).

• Configuration Management:

  • Centralized management of configuration settings for consistency and ease of updates (e.g., etcd, Consul).

• Monitoring and Logging:

  • Monitoring: Track system performance and health (e.g., Prometheus, Grafana).

  • Logging: Collect and analyze logs for debugging and auditing (e.g., ELK Stack - Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana).

• Authentication and Authorization:

  • Authentication: Verify user identity (e.g., OAuth, JWT).

  • Authorization: Control user access to resources (e.g., RBAC, ABAC).

• Scalability and Reliability:

  • Horizontal Scaling: Add more servers to distribute the load.

  • Vertical Scaling: Add more resources to existing servers.

  • Redundancy: Duplicate critical components to avoid single points of failure.

  • Backup and Disaster Recovery: Ensure data integrity and availability in case of failures.

• Networking:

  • DNS: Resolve domain names to IP addresses.

  • Firewalls and Security Groups: Control access to network resources.

• DevOps and CI/CD:

  • Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Automate code integration, testing, and deployment (e.g., Jenkins, GitLab CI).

  • Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Manage infrastructure using code (e.g., Terraform, Ansible).

• Data Processing:

  • Batch Processing: Process large volumes of data in batches (e.g., Hadoop).

  • Stream Processing: Process data in real-time as it flows through the system (e.g., Apache Flink, Apache Storm).

• Analytics and Reporting:

  • Generate insights and reports from collected data to drive decision-making (e.g., Google Analytics, Tableau).

By integrating these components effectively, you can design systems that are scalable, reliable, and maintainable, meeting the demands of modern applications and user expectations.